In vitro effects of fenbutatin oxide and azocyclotin on bovine erythrocytes: oxidative stress and genotoxicity
Mediterranean Veterinary Journal , cilt.10, sa.3, ss.552-559, 2025 (TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 10 Sayı: 3
- Basım Tarihi: 2025
- Doi Numarası: 10.24880/meditvetj.1747285
- Dergi Adı: Mediterranean Veterinary Journal
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.552-559
- Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Organotin pesticides, including fenbutatin oxide (FBO) and azocyclotin (ACT), remain widely used in agricultural mite control despite increasing toxicological concerns. This study evaluated the in vitro genotoxic, oxidative, and hemolytic effects of FBO and ACT on bovine erythrocytes and lymphocytes. Washed red blood cells were exposed to FBO and ACT at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 μM for up to 3 hours. Oxidative stress markers were quantified by measuring thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (lipid peroxidation). Protein carbonyls were also measured. DNA damage was assessed using the alkaline comet assay in peripheral lymphocytes. Osmotic fragility tests determined membrane integrity. Both pesticides caused significant, concentration-dependent increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, protein carbonyl content, and DNA strand breaks (p < 0.0001). ACT caused greater genotoxic effects. FBO exhibited stronger membrane-disrupting properties, inducing complete hemolysis at 10 μM within 30 min. Resveratrol demonstrated a protective antioxidant effect. These findings highlight the potential risk of exposure to organotin pesticides to livestock health through oxidative and genotoxic mechanisms, underscoring the need for stringent residue monitoring, alternative acaricides, and enhanced veterinary awareness, particularly in Mediterranean agricultural regions.