Evaluation with Spring Management System (SMS) of Springs in the Kumalar Mountain Region (Afyonkarahisar/Turkey)
Innovative Research in Engineering, Berkan Balpetek, Editör, Duvar Publishing, İzmir, ss.7-496, 2023
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2023
- Yayınevi: Duvar Publishing
- Basıldığı Şehir: İzmir
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.7-496
- Editörler: Berkan Balpetek, Editör
- Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Population growth and overexploitation of groundwater are one of the
biggest sustainability challenges of the last century. Therefore, the importance
of sustainable use and management of water resources is increasing day by day.
The investigation area located in the in the Aegean Region and covers an area of
350 km2
. Cretaceous -Triassic aged limestones-dolomites, Neogene-Plio
Quaternary aged pyroclastic rocks and uncemented terrestrial clasts are the
dominant rocks of the investigation area. There are many natural springs
discharged from aquitard medium in the study area. These springs are used for
drinking, irrigation and domestic usage etc. The Spring Management System
was used to determine the potential, quantity, quality and to ensure their
sustainability of the springs in the study area. In this study, a total of 38 spring
water samples were collected for wet and dry seasons. The hydrochemical
facies of spring waters were determined as CaMgHCO3, CaHCO3, CaNaHCO3,
CaMgSO4, and CaNaSO4. Differences in water types are due to the rock-water
interaction. Trace element concentration values of springs as Al, As, Fe, Ni and
Mn exceed limits of drinking water standards of TS266 (2005), WHO (2011)
and EPA (2009). In addition, the springs in the study area are within the
absolute protection zone. For this reason, suggestions were made for the
sustainable use and protection of springs in the study area with the Spring
Management System.