Vestibular rehabilitation therapy in Turkey: insights into physical therapists’ clinical practice
Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Publication Date: 2026
- Doi Number: 10.1080/09593985.2026.2729702
- Journal Name: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
- Keywords: Dizziness, knowledge, Physical therapist, vertigo, vestibular education, vestibular rehabilitation
- Süleyman Demirel University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Introduction: Vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) is an effective physiotherapy approach for patients with vestibular hypofunction. The administration of VRT requires relevant knowledge and skills to practice effectively. Purpose: To explore the knowledge, beliefs, and clinical practices regarding VRT among physical therapists in Turkey. Methods: Licensed physical therapists practising as clinicians or academics in Turkey were invited through professional networks on WhatsApp, LinkedIn, and Instagram to complete a Google Forms survey. Because recruitment used an open survey link that was posted and redistributed through these networks, the number of individual recipients could not be determined and a conventional response rate could not be calculated. A total of 178 eligible physical therapists completed the survey. Results: Of the 178 physical therapists who completed the survey, 88.8% had no VRT experience. Only 1.2% had used Frenzel lenses/infrared goggles. Across the Epley, Semont, Gufoni, and barbecue roll maneuvers, the proportions of respondents reporting either not using the procedure or not knowing it were 87.6%, 96.1%, 97.2%, and 94.4%, respectively. More than 60% had never used or were unfamiliar with habituation, substitution, optokinetic stimulation, virtual reality, and visual exercises for the treatment of patients with vestibular disorders. Overall, 36.5% had received VRT education or training. Conclusion: The identified educational and implementation gaps provide a national evidence base for strengthening competency-based vestibular rehabilitation training in undergraduate physiotherapy curricula and continuing professional development in Turkey. Addressing these gaps may improve physical therapists’ readiness to deliver evidence-based vestibular care and expand access to appropriate rehabilitation services.